Topic 2: Describing Stuctures
Concepts:
- identify characteristics of structures such as function, aesthetics, safety, materials and joints.
- investigate the use of materials.
Dates to Remember
Dec. 4: Testing Tissue, Activity page 289 due
Dec. 5: Function and Design answers due
Dec. 6: Materials - activity and class class discussion
Dec. 10: Joints worksheet due
Dec 12: Quiz: Topics 1 and 2
Definitions
Function: the main purpose of a structure or object
Aesthetics: the properties of an object that make it pleasing to the senses.
Symmetry: exactly the same on either side of a central dividing line.
Bilateral symmetry: Symmetrical arrangement, as of an organism or a body part, along a central axis, so that the body is divided into equivalent right and left halves by only one plane.
Radial symmetry: Symmetrical arrangement of constituents, especially of radiating parts, about a central point.
Properties of materials: unique characteristics that help to define what that material is.
Composite material: a material that is made up of several different materials that have different properties that together fulfil a specific purpose.
Lamination: a process in which a layer of material is pressed or glued onto other layers.
Joint: a fastening that holds parts of structures together.
Rigid joint: a joint that prevents movement.
Mobile joint: a joint that allows movement.
Function and Aesthetic Questions (p.282-284)
Class discussion on roof structure and function
1. Briefly explain what is meant be the function of a structure and why function is such and important part of design.
2. Think about the characteristics of solid, frame and shell structures, and about the importance of a structure's function. With these points in mind, decide which structural forms you would use to make each of the following. Use a labeled diagram to explain why you made your decision.
-
a bridge to carry trains over a deep valley
- a rain shelter in a public garden
- a stand to hold a guitar
- a stand to hold a large plant
- a child's playhouse
3. Study the three bicyles.
a. Even though they all share a common function, what does the variation in their design show?
b. Evaluate the effectiveness of each design. In what ways do each bicycle serve the function that it was designed to do?
4. What is aesthetics? List 3 structures that you consider beautiful. Explain why this beauty is important to their function.
